Can two or more countries jointly nominate an element for UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage List?

Yes. UNESCO allows joint or transnational nominations in which two or more countries collaborate to nominate a shared cultural tradition, practice, document, or heritage element. India and China are currently discussing a joint nomination related to Xuanzang's travels documented in The Great Tang Records on the Western Regions.

What is UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage List?

UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage List recognizes living cultural traditions such as performing arts, rituals, festivals, traditional craftsmanship, oral traditions, and knowledge systems. It does not include natural sites or biodiversity reserves, which are covered under the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Where is the Sangha Trinational conservation complex located?

The Sangha Trinational (TNS) conservation complex is located in the northwestern Congo Basin, where Cameroon, the Central African Republic, and the Republic of Congo meet. It is one of Africa's most significant transboundary conservation landscapes.

Why is World Day Against Child Labour observed on June 12?

World Day Against Child Labour is observed annually on June 12. It was launched by the International Labour Organization (ILO) in 2002 to raise awareness about child labour and encourage global efforts to eliminate it.

Does the Sustainable Development Goals framework include ending child labour?

Yes. SDG Target 8.7 calls for immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced labour, modern slavery, human trafficking, and all forms of child labour, including the recruitment and use of child soldiers.

What is the Marrakech Global Framework for Action against Child Labour?

The Marrakech Global Framework for Action against Child Labour is a roadmap adopted during the Global Conference on the Elimination of Child Labour. It provides practical indicators and integrated policy measures to address the root causes of child labour while protecting children's rights.

Which countries border the Gulf of Aden?

The Gulf of Aden is bordered by Yemen to the north and Somalia, Djibouti, and Eritrea to the south and west. It connects the Arabian Sea to the Red Sea through the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

Why is the Gulf of Aden strategically important?

The Gulf of Aden is a critical maritime route linking the Arabian Sea with the Red Sea and the Suez Canal. It serves as a major global shipping corridor for oil, natural gas, and international trade.

Why is Kharg Island important to Iran?

Kharg Island handles more than 90 percent of Iran's oil exports. It hosts major oil storage facilities, export terminals, and pipeline networks that connect oilfields across Iran, making it central to the country's energy infrastructure.

Where is Kharg Island located?

Kharg Island is located in the Persian Gulf, less than 20 miles off Iran's coast. Due to its strategic position, it plays a key role in global oil markets and regional energy security.

Why does Kharg Island matter for global oil markets?

Since Kharg Island handles the majority of Iran's oil exports, any disruption can affect global crude oil supplies, shipping routes in the Persian Gulf, and transit through the Strait of Hormuz, potentially increasing international oil prices.

Which country has the most successful ethanol-blending programme?

Brazil is widely regarded as the global leader in ethanol-blended fuels. Its ethanol programme began in the 1970s and has evolved into a large-scale system based primarily on sugarcane-derived ethanol.

Why is Brazil considered a model for ethanol fuel adoption?

Brazil has successfully promoted ethanol-blended fuels through government mandates, consumer incentives, widespread adoption of flex-fuel vehicles, and strong public awareness campaigns. Its experience is often studied by countries seeking to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.

What are E20, E85 and E100 fuels?

E20 fuel contains 20 percent ethanol and 80 percent petrol. E85 contains up to 85 percent ethanol, while E100 consists entirely of ethanol. These fuels are used to reduce petroleum consumption and lower carbon emissions.

Daily UPSC Prelims MCQs - International Relations - 19th June 2026

Devesh
2 days ago
1 min read

Test your UPSC CSE 2027 preparation with today’s International Relations (Every Friday) Quiz — covering UNESCO lists, countries borders the Gulf of Aden, ethanol-blended fuels and more.

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Daily UPSC Prelims MCQs - International Relations - 19th June 2026

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