Daily Prelims MCQs - Polity - 25th September 2025
- TPP
- Sep 25
- 6 min read
Welcome to your Daily UPSC Prelims Current Affairs MCQs – 25th September 2025. This is part of our subject-wise daily series where Thursday is dedicated to Polity—strengthening your foundation in constitutional provisions, judicial interpretations, and the structure of Union government with exam-style precision.
Today’s set of 5 curated MCQs blends static–dynamic linkages to help you:
Decode Article 143(1) and the advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court vis-à-vis the President.
Understand the position of foreign divorce decrees and the absence of a codified private international law in India.
Revise the chronology of India’s Vice-Presidents, including the newly sworn-in C.P. Radhakrishnan.
Analyse the constitutional limits on the Council of Ministers’ size and appointment process.
Recall the eligibility, powers, and re-election provisions relating to the President of India.
Stay consistent with these daily quizzes to sharpen Prelims 2026 Polity accuracy, while mastering elimination on the conceptual traps UPSC repeatedly sets in constitutional law questions.
Click Here to read the Monthly Current Affairs Pointers (CAP).
QUESTION 1
With reference to Article 143(1) of the Constitution of India, consider the following statements:
It empowers the President to seek the SC’s opinion on questions of law or fact which are of public importance.
The SC’s advisory opinion under Article 143(1) is binding on the President.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer (a)
Explanation:
The Supreme Court last week finished hearing arguments and reserved its opinion in the crucial reference made by President Droupadi Murmu on the powers of the President and Governors in giving assent to Bills.
The court exercised its inherent powers under Article 142 to grant assent to the pending Bills and set timelines for Governors and the President to act after Bills reach their office.
Article 143(1) of the Constitution empowers the President to seek the SC’s opinion on questions of law or fact which are of public importance. The court’s opinion will be “independent advice” for the President to act on the issue. However, in essentially questioning whether the court could have set the timelines for the President and Governors, the reference has turned into a flashpoint between the executive and the judiciary. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
The SC’s opinion is advisory, not binding. The President may or may not accept it. Hence, statement 2 is not correct.
QUESTION 2
Consider the following statements:
India has a codified private international law for dealing with disputes concerning people who live in different countries.
Foreign divorce decrees are automatically valid in India.
The Hindu Marriage Act does not specify the grounds on which a Hindu marriage may be dissolved.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Answer (d)
Explanation:
The Gujarat High Court ruled last month that a marriage solemnised under the Hindu Marriage Act (HMA) of 1955 cannot be dissolved by a foreign court. The division bench comprising Justices A Y Kogje and N S Sanjay Gowda held that dissolution of such marriages must conform to the grounds laid down in the statute.
India does not have a codified private international law for dealing with disputes concerning people who live in different countries. In its absence, judges fall back on existing statutes and past rulings. For marriages performed under the Hindu Marriage Act, the position has been clear: the personal law continues to govern the dissolution of marriage, no matter where the couple later lives, or their citizenship. Hence, statement 1 is not correct.
Foreign divorce decrees are not automatically valid in India. Two provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC) are central to this — Sections 13 and 14. The former states that a foreign judgment is conclusive, unless it falls within certain exceptions. These include cases where the judgment was delivered by a court without jurisdiction, was not on the merits, or applied a law not recognised in India. Hence, statement 2 is not correct.
Section 14 provides that a foreign judgment is presumed valid unless the contrary is proved, but this presumption is easily rebutted with Section 13.
Additionally, the Hindu Marriage Act specifies the limited grounds on which a Hindu marriage may be dissolved, including cruelty, adultery, desertion, or mutual consent. Thus, the Gujarat HC held that the Australian decree could not be recognised. Hence, statement 3 is not correct.
QUESTION 3
What is the correct chronological order of these Vice-Presidents of India, from earliest to latest?
Dr. Zakir Hussain
Sh. M. Hamid Ansari
C.P. Radhakrishnan
Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1—3—2—4
(b) 1—2—4—3
(c) 1—3—2—4
(d) 1—4—2—3
Answer (b)
Explanation:
Chandrapuram Ponnusami Radhakrishnan took oath as the 15th Vice President of India. President Droupadi Murmu administered the oath at Rashtrapati Bhavan.
The election was necessitated by the sudden resignation of former vice-president Jagdeep Dhankhar on July 21, citing health issues. Dhankhar was also in attendance at the oath-taking ceremony, making his first public appearance since his resignation.
Dr. Zakir Hussain was the second Vice-President of India (May 13, 1962 to May 12, 1967).
Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Home Minister Amit Shah, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, BJP president J P Nadda, and Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla were among those who attended the programme. Former vice presidents Hamid Ansari (12th) and Venkaiah Naidu (13th) were also present at the ceremony.
QUESTION 4
Consider the following statements about the Council of Ministers:
There shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head to aid and advise the President.
The total number of Ministers, including the Prime Minister, in the Council of Ministers shall not exceed 20 per cent.
The Council of Ministers shall be appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer (c)
Explanation:
There shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head to aid and advise the President who shall, in the exercise of his functions, act in accordance with such advice. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
The President may require the Council of Ministers to reconsider such advice, either generally or otherwise, and the President shall act in accordance with the advice tendered after such reconsideration.
The question whether any, and if so what, advice was tendered by Ministers to the President shall not be inquired into in any court.
The Prime Minister shall be appointed by the President and the other Ministers shall be appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
The total number of Ministers, including the Prime Minister, in the Council of Ministers shall not exceed fifteen per cent of the total number of members of the House of the People. Hence, statement 2 is not correct.
QUESTION 5
With reference to the President of India, consider the following statements:
Under the Constitution, the executive power of the Union is vested in the President to be exercised by him/her either directly or through officers subordinates to him/her.
The President is not eligible for re-election.
No person shall be eligible for election as President unless he has completed the age of 30 years.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Answer (a)
Explanation:
The President of India is an integral part of the Parliament though he/she is not a member of either House of Parliament. Under the Constitution, the executive power of the Union is vested in the President to be exercised by him/her either directly or through officers subordinates to him/her. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
The executive power of the Union is co-extensive with the legislative power of Parliament, and Parliament consists of the President and the two Houses of Parliament to be known respectively as the Council of States, Rajya Sabha and the House of the People, the Lok Sabha. Thus, on the one hand, the President is the head of the Executive and on the other; he/she is a constituent part of Parliament.
A person who holds, or who has held, office as President shall, subject to the other provisions of this Constitution, be eligible for re-election to that office. Hence, statement 2 is not correct.
No person shall be eligible for election as President unless he—
(a) is a citizen of India,
(b) has completed the age of thirty-five years, and Hence, statement 3 is not correct.
(c) is qualified for election as a member of the House of the People.
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