What is a Fast Breeder Reactor (FBR) and what fuel does it use?

A Fast Breeder Reactor (FBR) is a type of nuclear reactor that generates more fissile material than it consumes. The fuel used in FBRs is plutonium mixed with depleted uranium. In India’s three-stage nuclear programme, plutonium produced from Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) is used in FBRs. These reactors also help convert Thorium-232 into Uranium-233. FBRs rely on fast neutrons and typically use liquid sodium as coolant rather than light water.

Does India have Fast Breeder Reactor technology?

Yes. India has developed indigenous Fast Breeder Reactor technology. The first indigenous FBR at Kalpakkam has reached criticality. FBRs play a crucial role in India's long-term energy security under its three-stage nuclear power programme.

What is Thalassemia and how does it affect the body?

Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder in which the body does not produce enough haemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Patients typically experience low red blood cell count (anaemia), which can range from mild to severe. Severe anaemia may cause organ damage and can be life-threatening if untreated.

Where is the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) being built?

The Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) is planned to be constructed at Las Campanas Observatory in Chile’s Atacama Desert. The location is known for its exceptionally dark, dry, and stable skies, making it ideal for astronomical observations.

What is the significance of the Giant Magellan Telescope?

The Giant Magellan Telescope is a next-generation ground-based observatory expected to significantly advance the study of exoplanets, galaxies, and the early universe. It will help scientists detect atmospheres of potentially habitable exoplanets and study galaxy formation and star creation processes.

How does ice survive in craters on the Moon?

Water ice can survive in permanently shadowed lunar craters, particularly near the Moon’s south pole. If sunlight reaches these craters, ice may disappear through sublimation, either escaping into space or migrating to colder regions. Craters like Haworth near the south pole have remained in shadow for billions of years, preserving ice deposits.

What is the HbA1c test used for?

The HbA1c test measures average blood sugar levels over the past two to three months. It is commonly used to diagnose and monitor diabetes. Unlike fasting blood sugar tests, HbA1c provides a long-term indicator of glucose control.

Daily UPSC Prelims MCQs - Science & Tech. - 29th April 2026

Jigyashu Mishra
Apr 29
1 min read

Test your UPSC CSE 2026 preparation with today’s Science & Technology (Every wednesday) Quiz — covering fast breeder reactor (FBR), Thalassemia, Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT), crater of moon, HbA1C test and more.

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Daily UPSC Prelims MCQs - Science & Tech. - 29th April 2026

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